Gamboa González, José de Jesús, La lengua después del exilio: influencias suecas en retornados chilenos. - Umeĺ : Inst. för moderna sprĺk, Univ., 2003. - 241 s. – (Skrifter frĺn moderna sprĺk / Umeĺ universitet ; 6)
Abstract [English]:
This monograph is an empirical study based on a speech corpus of interviews with 40 Chileans political refugees who arrived in Sweden between 1973 and 1983 and who returned to Chile after 12 and 20 years in exile.
First some basic information is given on the different environments and realities through which the interviewees have passed, in order to obtain a better understanding of their social-linguistic background. There where three realities: the first reality: Chile, during the sixties and seventies. The second reality: Sweden during the seventies and eighties. We bring out the relations between Sweden and Latin America, mainly the sociolinguistic and cultural contacts of the Chileans in exile both with reference to Swedish language and society as well as contact with other varieties of Spanish. The third reality: The Exile back to Chile.
The nucleus of our work is shown in the different kinds of classes of Swedish influences that the returned still maintain in their spoken language and linguistic habits. I try to find and to look for the probable reason, functions and maintenance of the lexical and cultural loan words.
The informants of the corpus have had contact in different socio-cultural and linguistic environments and this has been reflected in their linguistic and cultural capacity.
The classification of the loans is based on the typology elaborated by Haugen (1950) and Gómez Capuz. Comparisons are made according to sex and age with reference to the chosen semantic fields. The classification of the grammatical integration of the loans is based on the factors proposed by Silva Corválan (1989) by semantic association, phonological identification and physiological gender of the referent.
Finally, the emphasis is put on the linguistic effects of a representative group of returned individuals, focusing on the linguistic consequences of a long period of influence of a pattern language (in this case Swedish) in the speech of returned exiles in the linguistic context of a receptor tongue (in this case Spanish).
Keywords: exile, return, languages in contact, lexical loans, code-switching, cultural loans, reality, Swedish, Chile.
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